明确概念
在正式开始之前,我们需要明确非独立子句(dependent clause)和独立子句(independent clause)的概念与不同。是否使用comma,与这两个概念密不可分。独立子句
独立子句(independent clause)指的是一组可以单独组成一个句子的词,它包含一个主语和一个动词,传达出一个完整的意思。比如: The kitten was cute.小猫很可爱。非独立子句
非独立子句(dependent clause)也包含主语和动词,但是并不能表达一个完整的意思,而且通常以连词或者介词(after, as, before, if, since, that, though, unless, until, when, while等)开始,比如: After I visited the animal shelter 在我参观了动物收容所以后 很显然,上述句子并没有表达完整,所以这是一个非独立子句。comma逗号的使用
那么,comma的使用和这两种句子有什么关系呢?逗号是否可用来结尾
受中文习惯影响,我们在写作时常常一“逗”到底。但是在英文当中,独立子句作为一个单独的句子,是不能以逗号来结尾的,比如: The kitten was cute, I wanted to take it home with me. (x) That's absolutely fine, thanks for the holding email!(x) “小猫很可爱”以及“我想带它回家”分别含有主语和动词,也表达出了完整的意思,所以,句子的正确形式应为: The kitten was cute. I wanted to take it home with me. That's absolutely fine. Thanks for the holding email!避免使用错误的办法
除了以上这种,将句子用句号隔开,视为单独的两个句子之外,我们还可以使用以下方法,避免习惯性错误使用comma的解决方案: (1)当前后两个句子逻辑关系比较明显时,可以使用连接词(and, but, as, because, so...)连接两个句子: The kitten was cute and I wanted to take it home with me. The kitten was cute so I wanted to take it home with me. That's absolutely fine and thanks for the holding email! (2)当两个句子没有较为明显的逻辑关系,且前后相互平衡时时,可以使用semicolon(;)将句子隔开: That's absolutely fine; thanks for the holding email! (3)colon(:)也可以用来分割两个独立子句,特别是当后一句对前一句起到进一步解释说明的作用时: The kitten was cute: it has a fluffy head and small claws.小试牛刀
检查下列句子中逗号的使用是否正确,将符号使用不正确的句子进行修正: 1. After I finished my breakfast, I decided to go for a stroll. 2. I love apples, they're my favourite fruit. 3. I couldn't afford the model of car I really wanted, so I bought the cheap one. 4. Beijing can get very cold in winter, it surprises some people. 5. Given recent research, it is highly likely that a cure will be found within the next couple of years.▼
Answers
1、3、5符号使用正确
2.I love apples. They're my favourite fruit.
4.Beijing can get very cold in winter and/. it surprises some people.
点击文章标题,了解其他常见标点符号的正确使用?:如何正确使用标点符号?小细节也有大学问
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