常见的病情如何用英语表达？KET/PET剑桥少儿英语官方初级词汇Health篇

KET/PET备考突破2000词汇第十四期来啦，本期的主题是Health! 本系列English Vocabulary in Use将和大家分享剑桥英语官方初级词汇的内容，适用于A2高级段和B1初级段的小朋友们，帮助小朋友们轻轻松松突破2000词汇量！

Common Problems

Describing Pain

我们使用不同的词汇描述身体上不同部位的不适感：

1. Ache

Ache用来描述不那么强烈且持续不断的疼痛感，通常用来描述身体具体某个部位。

I've got a headache (头痛). My dad suffers from backache (背痛). Bart's got stomachache (胃痛).

除此之外，还有：

earache (耳朵痛) toothache (牙痛)

Ache还能用作动词，表示某部位遭受了一段时间的疼痛： By the end of the day my feet were aching.

2. Pain

身体上其他部位不那么强烈的疼痛感可以使用pain来进行描述。 I've got a pain in my shoulder.

3. Hurt

Hurt用来描述强烈的、突如其来的疼痛。

My throat hurts when I speak. I hit my leg on the table and it really hurts.

除此之外，我们还用各种各样的不适感和痛感：

throb：抽痛、阵痛 sting：刺痛 cramp：痉挛、绞痛

Serious Illness

For serious illnesses (严重疾病), you will probably go into hospital (住院). A person who stays in hospital is called a patient (病人). Many patients need an operation (手术) [when special doctors, called surgeons (外科医生), cut into the body for medical reasons; also called surgery (外科手术). 我们身体中最容易患有重大疾病的部位有：

Lung cancer (肺癌) can be caused by smoking. Heart attacks (心肌梗塞) can happen very suddenly. Hepatitis (肝炎) is a disease affecting the liver. 注意：disease和illness都指疾病。但是disease通常指比较严重的，并且涉及到身体具体某一部位的疾病，如：heart disease心脏病。而illness更多指的是相对来说较轻微的疾病，以及涉及到精神健康的疾病，如：mental illness 精神病。

小试牛刀

1. A: What’s wrong with Dimitrios? B: He feels . I think it’s something he ate. 2. A: Did you hit your foot? B: Yes, and it really . 3. A: My hand’s bleeding quite badly. B: Well, put a round it. 4. A: Your finger is . B: I know. I cut it using that knife. 5. A: Does Tanya still from bad headaches? B: Yes, she gets them all the time. 6. A: What’s the matter? B: My back from sitting at that computer all day. 7. A: I understand Lena has had quite a illness. B: Yeah. She was in hospital for over a week