GRE阅读真题机经及答案解析系列：Passage 60 -GRE阅读真题免费下载

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GRE阅读机经真题Passage 60

Ralph Ellison was passionately interested in visual arts. He immersed himself in Harlem’s art scene in the 1930s, even apprenticing with sculptor Richmond Barthe for a time. Yet he was wary of projects aiming to provide a visual rendering of his novel Invisible Man. He reluctantly allowed Franklin Library to publish two illustrated versions of the novel but found the results disappointing and repeatedly rejected proposed film versions of the book. Despite his involvement in visual arts, Ellison insisted that only language could capture the complexity of American identity. This complexity consisted of the tension arising from the collision of the United States’ written ideals, as outlined in the founding documents, and the historical and contemporary experience molding the national consciousness.

文章解析

白话版讲解：

Ralph Ellison对视觉艺术有强烈的兴趣。他把自己浸到1930年代哈莱姆艺术活动领域（scene）中去，甚至到雕塑家Richmond Barthe那里去当了一段时间的学徒。不过他对一些试图把他的小说《看不见的人》改编成视觉艺术版本的项目，就很谨慎。他不大情愿地允许富兰克林图书馆出版社出版了两种《看不见的人》的插图版，却发现这两个版本令人失望，于是就多次拒绝了将《看不见的人》改编成电影的。尽管他本人参与视觉艺术，但他坚持认为只有语言（即小说）才可以精确记录（capture）美国国民身份认同感的复杂性。被写成文字（写进宪法等建国文献）的美国理想和那些塑造了美国民族认同（the national consciousness）的（美国人民的）历史经验和当代经验产生了冲突，这种冲突导致产生了一种紧张关系（tension）。美国国民身份认同感的复杂性正是由这种紧张关系构成。注： visual arts视觉艺术，包括绘画、雕塑、摄影、灯光艺术、电影等艺术形式。 national identity 国民身份认同感 a person's identity or sense of belonging to one state or to one nation. national consciousness 某一个民族中所有个体共有的民族认同感 a shared sense of national identity and a shared understanding that a people group shares a common ethnic/linguistic/cultural background. scene 活动领域；兴趣领域 a specified area of activity or interest

GRE阅读题目解析

1. It can be inferred that the author mentions Ellison’s apprenticeship with Richmond Barthe primarily in order to

A. show that Ellison drew upon some aspects of the visual arts in developing his ideas for Invisible Man. B. show that Ellison’s claim for the superiority of the language derived from his experience with other art forms. C. establish that Ellison had experience with an art form that interested many leading figures of the 1930s Harlem art scene. D. suggest that in the 1930s the Harlem art scene provided an environment in which artists were likely to work in several media. E. qualify Ellison’s reservations about visual renderings of his work by showing that he was not indifferent to visual art. 白话版讲解： 问作者提到Ellison在Richmond Barthe那里当学徒，是为了……？ A“显示Ellison在构思《看不见的人》时利用（draw on）了来自视觉艺术的一些方面的信息” （先参考了雕塑方面的信息，然后写了《看不见的人》） B“显示Ellison之所以说语言（比其他艺术形式）高超，是因为他对其他艺术形式也体验了（发现这些艺术形式都不如语言）” C“证明Ellison对一种艺术形式（雕塑）也体验过（不是没体验过）。这种艺术形式是1930年代哈莱姆艺术领域很多重要人物都感兴趣的。” D“暗示1930年代哈莱姆艺术领域提供了让艺术家有可能以几种艺术形式进行创作的环境” E“Ellison对把他的小说改编成视觉艺术版持保留态度，但是他这种保留态度也不意味着他对视觉艺术是完全不感兴趣的” 原文是讲：尽管Ellison对视觉艺术很感兴趣（本人甚至去当过一段时间雕塑学徒），但他不太愿自己的小说被改编成视觉艺术版。本题的E选项是讲：尽管Ellison不太愿自己的小说被改编成视觉艺术版，但他对视觉艺术并不是毫无兴趣。说的是一个意思。所以E选项正确。E选项中的qualify的意思是“使（言辞，声明）不过于绝对；修正；使有所保留” make a statement or assertion less absolute; add reservations to 例句：She felt obliged to qualify her first short answer. 她感到有必要修正自己最初的简短回答。本题答案：E

2. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about the “tension”?

A. It partly resulted from social injustices that Ellison worked to alleviate. B. It came to Ellison’s attention partly as a result of his experience with proposed film versions of Invisible Man. C. Ellison thought that it could not be adequately represented by sculpture. D. Ellison believed that it arose from contradictions within the United States’ founding ideals. E. Ellison felt that it was an issue that could not adequately be addressed through the depiction of fictional characters. 白话版讲解： 问下列关于“紧张关系”的说法，哪一个是正确的？ A“部分是来源于Ellison努力减轻的社会不公现象” B“Ellison体验了小说《看不见的人》的几个电影改编版后，才注意到了这种紧张关系” C“Ellison认为雕塑无法胜任表现这种紧张关系” 根据文章倒数第二句话后半句，“Ellison insisted that only language could capture the complexity of American identity.”，C选项正确。 D“Ellison认为这种紧张关系由美国建国文献内含的多个ideals内部的矛盾引起” 根据文章最后一句话，应该是来自written ideals和the historical and contemporary experience两者之间的collision引起。而不是ideals内部的contradictions引起。 E“Ellison觉得这种紧张关系是一个无法通过描写虚构人物（即写小说）来处理的问题” 根据文章倒数第二句话，Ellison认为语言（即小说）可以精确记录（capture）美国国民身份认同感的复杂性，所以E选项错误。本题答案：C