托福口语/写作考试遇到新题怎么办？掌握这3个官方出题套路，遇到新题不再慌!

精心备考几个月之后，考场上遇到一个完全没有见过的口语/写作难题，思路全无，当场崩溃--这恐怕是很多同学避之不及的考试经历。但是如果我们准备到位的话，可以大大降低这种“悲剧”发生的概率。

笔者整理了最近两个月所有的线下托福考试一共11场。分析总结了所有独立口语和独立写作题目。发现写作对历年真题的重复达到了55%（6道），口语也达到了30%（3道）。这还没完，在剩余的题目中，写作有27%（3道）是历年真题的变体，口语则有37%（4道）。那么新题呢？如果你看过足够多的题目，新题也并不是那么“新”。

接下来我们以写作为例，看看ETS是如何花样重复出题的。

一级重复：完全照搬

?5月25日重复2018年11月17日的题目

which is the most important factors that affect the lasting time of friendship？ 1. Always helping each other when meeting problem 2. Having similar interests and views on important things 3. Trusting each other completely

?5月14日重复了2016年9月10日的题目。

Primary schools should spend more time teaching young students (5-11 years old) technology (like computer) than teaching them music and art.

?4月23日重复了2022年3月26日的题目。

During big events such as graduation and weddings, some students think they need to take numerous photos and a lot of videos, others think they just need to take a few or no videos and pictures.

?4月6日重复2017年10月29日的题目。

A university is considering requiring students to take public speaking class, no matter what field they study.

?4月3日重复2016年4月9日的题目。

Getting advice from friends who are older than you is more valuable than getting advice from friends your same age.

二级重复，修改旧题

5月4日

Should we pursue environmental protection at the expense of economic growth?

?相似题目：

(20170826) Modern agriculture methods damage the environment, but providing food for the growing population around the world is more important than protecting the environment.

17年8月份的这个题目问的是环境保护和农业发展的关系。而农业是经济的一部分，所以二者的分观点完全可以共用。尤其是在选择了保护环境的立场之后，这两个题目都变成了环保类话题。可以采取problem-solution的破题方法。给出几个需要解决的环境问题即可，比如pollution和ecological damage。即便选择了经济发展/农业发展，分观点依旧通用： 1.为了保证人们的生活水平； 2.破坏了的环境可以治理。

4月20日

If your city’s government only has enough budget to fund ONE of the following projects, which do you think the money should go to? 1.Play movies in parks often so that people can watch them for free 2.Provide students with extra classes so that they can learn things they would not normally learn on campus 3.Make advertisements to promote the city and attract more tourists

?相似题目

(20160124) In times of economic crisis, in which field do you think the government can cut financial support? 1.Art 2.Science research 3.Parks and public gardens

(20160522) As the leader of a city, what would you do to ensure the prosperity and success of the city? 1.creating job opportunities for the unemployed 2.lowering food price 3.providing affordable housing

三个题目都是政府类话题。尽管选项略有不同，解决方法是类似的。无论哪一个选项，都可以从对普通人的生活影响和对国家影响两个角度来论证。 比如16年5月的题目，选择creating job opportunities for the unemployed，分观点可以是1.提高生活水平；2.促进经济发展。22年4月的题目，选择make advertisements to promote the city and attract more tourists，同样可以使用这两个分观点。

4月9日

Teachers of young children at a primary school are considering making one major change to better support the educational and social development of their students (aged 6-10), which one of the following changes do you think is the most important for the teachers to make and why? Encourage students to ask questions in class more frequently than they do now 2.Having students work together in pairs or small groups more frequently than they do now3.Meeting with each student's parents more frequently than they do now

?相似题目

（20200725） What is the most important capacity that high school teachers should have? 1.help students plan for the future 2.Particularly pay attention to those students who need help 3.Encourage students to learn by themselves outside of the classroom.

两个题目都是教育类话题当中老师品质的小分类。无论选择哪个品质，最终都是为了学生的发展。所以都可以从以下角度破题： 1.对学生将来的学习有好处 2.对学生将来的职业发展有好处

三级重复：举一反三新题

5月29日

人们认为现在人花太多钱给他们宠物了，这些钱可以有更好的用处，你同不同意？这个是和宠物相关的话题，历年真题中没有一模一样的。但是如果你见到过以下这个题目就不会觉得突兀。

The best way for parents to teach their children about responsibility is to have them care for an animal.

5月29的题目思路就可以是养宠物的好处： 1.培养小孩的责任感 2.陪伴我们减少孤独

5月18日

Imagine you have two friends who deal with problems in very different ways. One of your friends believes that laughter and taking things lightly (not too seriously) is the best way to find a solution for most problems. Your other friend believes that it is better to be serious and not take things lightly, even when dealing with very small problems. Which approach do you prefer? Why? 这是一个抽象话题，关于友谊和解决问题--这两个关键词都是抽象话题的常客，尤其是友谊。如果你处理过以下题目，就会更加胸有成竹：

(20170415) Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It’s better to have friends who are intelligent than to have friends who have a good sense of humor.

17年题目中的幽默的朋友对应5月18日题目中take things lightly，聪明朋友则可以对应take things seriously. 综上所述，如果准备得当，考试不可能遇到完全的新题。但是准备的方法也要注意，以下几条建议送给思路捉急的同学们：

材料

120托福写作真题范文精炼【TD出版物，可以练习小马甲购买】 2018-2021年真题范文合集【可在托福干货群获取】

备考建议（在语言基础过关的情况下）：

?1.了解题目的分类并且每个类别的题目都掌握基本的技巧 比如今昔对比，绝对词，抽象话题，三选一等等。能够起到事半功倍的效果。 ?2.扩大阅题量 但是不能“无脑”刷，基本上要遵守这样的顺序：阅读题目--自己破题--参考范文分观点--查漏补缺。 ?考场建议： 遇到疑似新题不要慌张，仔细审题。审题不是被题目带着跑，真的跟着题干去思考人生的意义，友谊的价值，政府的角色。而是要脱离，冷静分析题干目的，一般来说，我或者是需要列出xx的好处，或者陈述xx的弊端，又或者给出xx的理由。只要我找到xx，破题难度就大福下降。 ?举个例子: 2011年9月12日的题目是: 名人是否应该发表政治言论 Should celebrities（such as musicians athletes）publicly express their views on political issues? 看到这个题目不应该“陷进去”，思考名人和政治的关系。而是应该看出，我们需要给出“名人发表政治言论”的弊端。弊端针对谁呢？普通民众和国家。再结合名人的特征，就可以得出以名人不应该发表言论的分观点：