托福独立口语政府类话题怎么学?解题策略/常用例证/例题示范|附题目思路解析/示范文本与音频免费下载领取！

托福口语独立口语政府类话题一览

政府类话题可以说是独立口语中的“老大难”话题了，虽然它出现的频率并不高，每年不会超过5道题目，但每当政府类话题出现的时候，就是大家捶胸顿足，眼泪直流的时候。

一方面，很多同学对于政府类话题并不了解。对于大部分同学而言，题干中考察的内容离学生的日常生活都比较遥远。比如说，有的题目中会问到有关古旧建筑物的保护以及濒危动物的保护，很多同学在见到这些题目之前可能都没有对相关背景知识的了解；另一方面，大家在政府类话题中想到的理由往往比较抽象或难以展开，即便有理由，但是却缺乏足够的论证内容或者说受语言组织能力的限制，很多同学没有办法准确且快速输出自己的想法。所以，对于这类难题，我们不能打无准备之仗，要想拿下政府类话题，就必须要提前准备好思路及语料。（btw到目前为止今年还没有考过政府类话题的独立口语题目哦，所以大家要做好准备呀！）

今天我们就来一同梳理一下近5年政府类话题常见的考查形式及对应思路，帮助同学更系统地了解政府类话题。在梳理常用理由之前，我们先来了解一下政府职能，政府的主要职责就是包括保障人们安居乐业，简言之就是人们的各项权利能够得到保障，比如说基本的教育、医疗、休闲、衣食住行等，以及治理国家，比如说维护社会的稳定、文明良好的氛围、推动经济的发展、科技的进步等等。为履行好职责，政府可以采取的措施包括提供财政支持、颁布法律法规、宣传教育等。

托福口语独立口语政府类应对策略

常用理由

个人：分析题干中的选项对人们有什么影响，包括积极意义和消极影响。具体涉及的领域【日常生活-衣食住行/休闲娱乐/教育等...】可以根据具体题干来做分析。 国家：分析题干中的选项对国家发展有何影响，具体包括经济、科技、文化、环境等领域。 ?举个栗子1： 20220423-Some cities have policies that encourage preservation of older buildings. Other cities have policies that encourage the replacement of older buildings with new ones. Which approach do you think is better and why? 【题目分析】：题干讨论的核心内容是对于古旧建筑物的处理方式，其一是保护古旧建筑物，其二是拆除古旧建筑物，以新换旧。那我们就可以先从个人的角度来盘点一下不同处理方式有何益处。【encourage preservation of older buildings】首先，我们可以先来分析一下古旧建筑物的特征，一般而言他们的历史都比较悠久（have a long history），比如说一些四合院（courtyard dwellings）等。因此，保护古旧建筑物对于一部分人来说有助于了解当地的历史及文化（learn more about local culture and history to broaden people's horizons），当然还有一些人可能还与这些古旧建筑物有情感的联结（feel emotional attachments），比如说他们的父辈祖辈都有可能生活在这些地方。【encourage the replacement of older buildings with new ones】在分析拆除古旧建筑物并且新建建筑物对人们的影响之前，我们可以先想一下新建的建筑物可能有什么类型，比如说住宅（housing complex）或者是写字楼（office buildings）？在此基础之上，我们可以来分析对人们的影响。比如说有更多的住宅就能够改善原本生活在这些地方的人的居住环境，改善生活条件（improve the quality of life by upgrading people’s living conditions）。如果有更多的写字楼，那可能就会有更多的公司入驻进而带来更多的就业机会（create more job opportunities）在此基础之上，我们可以再来探究以下对国家是否有影响。【encourage preservation of older buildings】前面我们提到的古旧建筑物具有历史意义（historic values）在这里也可以成为一个突破口，比如说有些古旧建筑物也属于历史遗迹（historical sites），因此不少城市可以把他们当作景点（tourist attractions）来吸引更多的游客，进而发展旅游业（promote tourism），带动当地经济的发展（boost local economy）【encourage the replacement of older buildings with new ones】一些古旧建筑物看起来非常的破败（shabby），而新的建筑物更加的现代化（modernized），因此会让城市的环境变得更加美观（improve the city's appearance）。 ?举个栗子2： 20221029-Do you think the government should legislate laws to fine people who use cell phones when crossing roads and intersections? 【题目分析】：题干讨论的核心内容是政府是否应该通过立法来对过马路时使用手机的行人罚款。那我们也可以先从个人的角度来盘点一下其积极意义。有了这项政策之后，人们很可能为了避免罚款而遵守规则（follow the rule），避免在过马路时使用手机（neither do they make phone calls，nor do they go through social media），大大减少了交通事故的风险（reduce the risk of pedestrian accidents and car accidents），因此能够更大程度上保障人们的安全（protect people from being injured）；除此之外，过马路玩手机也会对人们的健康产生一定程度的影响，特别是视力（poor eyesight）。那从政府的角度来说，是否也有一些积极意义呢？比如说，有了罚款之后，政府就有一部分收入来源（government revenue），进而可以把这一笔钱花在更新设备（upgrade facilities）或者是雇佣更多的交警来指挥交通，维持道路秩序，而不是把原本要花在其他领域的资金分给交通这一部分。 ?举个栗子3： 20191117-Do you think people who come from simple and ordinary background can be good government leader? 【题目分析】：题目问我们背景很普通的人能否成为一个好的政府领导人。首先，我们可以先联系一下政府的职责以及为了履行职责所需要采取的措施来分析一下一个好的领导人应该具备的能力，比如说能够通过制定一些有针对性的政策等改善人们的生活，通过法律法规的颁布以及和其他国家的合作等外交手段来推动国家经济及科技的发展等。在此基础之上，我们可以分别来从个人的角度来思考一下普通人当政府领导人的积极意义和潜在的问题。比如说普通人可能更能知道人们生活中遇到的问题和困难（know what is lacking and deficient in government-supported education, healthcare and infrastructure system），所以更能够颁布对应的政策来解决人们生活中的问题因此，对个人而言，普通人成为领导人能够提升大家的生活水平，比如说提供更多的就业机会，保证教育的公平等。但是普通人成为领导人可能也会面临一些问题，比如说因为教育水平的不足以及经验的匮乏导致不具备相应的能力，比如说不具备外交的手段等，因此无法胜任工作。

常用例证

个人的例子：根据题干中的关键信息+回答的理由及推理解释部分来组织一个能够支持我们的观点的例子就好，例子内部的细节可以根据特殊疑问词补充who/when/where/what/how ?举个栗子： 20221029-Do you think the government should legislate laws to fine people who use cell phones when crossing roads and intersections? 这个题目中，我们在前面分析影响的时候有提到能够保障人们的安全因为人们以前会频繁使用手机。在这里我们就可以给出一个具体的例子来证明如果没有立法的话，人们使用手机的情况会是什么样子。比如说我有一个叫xxx的朋友，在过马路的时候会用手机做xxx，所以有的时候他会面临xxx等危险。For example, I have a friend, Mike, who's always busy sweeping up and down on his phone, never bothering to look at the traffic lights. I had to pull him back several times from the red light and there were a couple of times he was almost hit by a car. 某个城市的例子：根据题干具体说明某个城市/政府对应做了某一件事以及它是如何做的，以及做完这件事情之后产生的结果是什么。 ?举个栗子： 20220423-Some cities have policies that encourage preservation of older buildings. Other cities have policies that encourage the replacement of older buildings with new ones. Which approach do you think is better and why? 比如说，在上文中我们提到保护古旧建筑物可以促进当地的经济发展，那么我们就可以以某一个具体的城市为例来论证这个理由。比如说以我的家乡xxx为例，它是如何保护古旧建筑物的以及当地的经济是如何得以发展。Take my hometown Beijing for example. Many old buildings including courtyard dwellings, are preserved well by the government. They are appealing to many visitors from home and abroad. They are willing to cover a long distance to experience the city’s history in person.

托福口语独立口语政府类例题示范

20220423-Some cities have policies that encourage preservation of older buildings. Other cities have policies that encourage the replacement of older buildings with new ones. Which approach do you think is better and why? ?【sample response】 Old buildings should not be replaced with new ones. Old buildings have historic values. For example, old buildings are widely preserved in the streets of Beijing. Many of them were the homes of famous people like Song qingling. These old buildings were built hundreds of years ago and can provide valuable information for historians. Meanwhile, those buildings will attract many visitors from home and abroad to promote tourism. In addition, many people are also emotionally attached to old buildings. Grandparents usually live in old buildings，such as courtyard dwellings. People tend to associate their childhood memory with the place they grew up in. If these old buildings are replaced with new ones, their childhood memory will be incomplete. 20221029-Do you think the government should legislate laws to fine people who use cell phones when crossing roads and intersections? ?【sample response】 I'm all for it. For one thing it can help reduce the risk of car accidents. Many car accidents happen because the victims are distracted by their phones. When using cellphone, people will keep their eyes solely on the screen, so the cellphone totally distracts their attention. For example, I have a friend, Mike, who's always busy sweeping up and down on his phone, never bothering to look at the traffic lights. I had to pull him back several times from the red light and there were a couple of times he was almost hit by a car. Moreover, fines can be used in various ways to benefit the citizens. For example, the government can use the money to upgrade the monitoring system or to hire more policemen, improving the security of the whole city. 20191117-Do you think people who come from simple and ordinary background can be good government leader? ?【sample response】 I agree that it is good for an ordinary person to become a government leader. Firstly, ordinary people know better what people really need. Because they have themselves been through the hard life, they know what is lacking and deficient in government-supported education, healthcare and infrastructure system. When they become leaders, they will resolve these problems people really care about and thus truly meet people’s needs. Secondly, as ordinary people become leaders, like Lincoln growing from a son of a shoe polisher to a national president, they also prove to the public that no matter what their background is, they can reverse their destiny. Therefore, more people might be inspired and encouraged to put more efforts into their lives.

托福口语独立口语政府类小试牛刀

上面的方法同学们是否有理解呢，可以尝试用下面三道题来检验一下哦～ 20171014-Should government limit violence and bad language on television? 20170311-You live in a crowded city with only one green space-the city park. The government recently proposes to build a housing complex on this only green space. Do you think this is a good idea? 20220723-Do you think government should spend money saving the endangered animals or the money has to come from private sources?