托福政府类话题考查本质
政府类话题考查的方向会非常广泛,它们分别是: 样题1: 政府鼓励人们在乡村居住的策略 样题5:政府对城市的土地规划—绿化&基础设施 样题9:政府保护环境的措施—公共交通&电车 样题10:政府是否应该鼓励偏远地区旅游业发展 样题11:政府如何解决住房短缺问题 8.15真题:政府减少开支 想要搞定政府类话题,我们就需要先整理清楚政府类话题考查的本质是什么。现有的话题既包含个体问题的解决-住房,也有区域/城市/国家整体问题的解决-环境/经济。不管政府是解决什么问题,提出什么政策,这些考察方向最终都可以从两个方面来总结:整体的发展和个体的提升,其中整体的发展指的是国家的经济、科技、文化、教育、环境等等的发展,个体的提升指的是个人/居民的物质生活、精神满足等等的提升1.整体的发展:
1)经济发展[economic development]: 经济的发展是国家成功success的非常重要的因素,经济发展可以经常用在一些投资类话题中,题目可能会问政府应该在哪些方面投资等等。在这些话题中我们可以考虑题目中的哪些选择可以如何有助于发展经济,比如教育可以带来更多的社会生产力,旅游业可以促进经济发展,娱乐设施可以促进消费,网络发展可以带来更多的就业机会/贸易机会等等。 2)科技[technology]: 科技是第一生产力。科技的发展可以带动社会生产效率的提升,比如AI可以提高企业/员工的工作效率。科技可以帮助改善人类生活,比如科技对医疗的发展可以改善人们的健康状况;科技同时还可以带来教育的发展,环境问题的解决等等。 3)文化/教育[culture/education]: 一个国家的整体文化/教育水平的提升能够促进很多维度的发展,比如能够带来经济的发展boost the economy,能够促进科技的发展 technological development,同样也能够促进社会的稳定social stability(文化水平的提升意味着人们素质的提升,会带来社会犯罪率crime rate的下降),提升国家文化认同cultural recognition 4)安全/稳定[security]: 社会的安全与稳定可以由题目中涉及到的以下因素带来:1. 整体的文化水平的提升overall educational level;2. 就业率employment rate的上升带来就业机会job opportunity2.给公众的好处
1)生活质量[life quality&well-being]: 国家的发展提供更好的基础设施和公共服务,如医疗保健、交通和社会保障。这些服务有助于人们的健康和社会福祉等等。国家的发展同时也可以提供更多的文化和娱乐选择,改善环境质量,增加社交和文化活动,使人们的生活更加丰富多彩。 2)经济[economy]: 国家的发展通常伴随着经济的增长,这意味着更多的就业机会、更高的工资水平和更好的生活水平。人们可以更容易地满足他们的基本生活需求,提高他们的生活质量。国家经济的提升也意味着更多的机会和资源可用于减少贫困,并提供给那些需要帮助的人们。 3)自我提升[self development]: 除了分析话题中的措施是否可以带来人们基本的物质需求,我们也可以分析是否能够带来人们更高层次的需求,比如是否能够给人们提供更多/更好的接受教育的机会,是否能够提高人们的素养/审美/新的观念等等。托福政府类样题+真题思路梳理
1.样题1—政府政策/生活[开放]
*政府鼓励人们在农村居住的策略 Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor's question. In your response, you should do the following. Express and support your opinion. Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words. An effective response will contain at least 100 words. Doctor Achebe Let's think about population trends in urban and rural areas(villages), Living in urban areas can be expensive; nonetheless, when they have a choice of where to live, people in some countries do not wish to live in rural areas even if the cost of living there is lower. If governments of some countries want to attract more people to live in rural areas or villages, what is the best strategy or approach that governments can use? Why? Claire I would live in a rural area if the government gave more financial help to farmers. Although it may cost very little to live in a rural area, it costs a lot to begin a career in agriculture. If l had financial help, I would start my own farm and be happy to live in a rural area. Kelly In my country, urban centers are great places to live because you can access shops, restaurants, and museums. If the government of my country wanted to attract me to live in a rural area, the area would first have to attract more businesses focused on entertainment and culture than most rural areas have now. ?思路梳理: 思路1: 同意Claire同学的方向:more financial support to farmers 展开内容: 1)the reason why people are not willing to live in villages: low incomes from farming, high investment-irrigation system, agricultural tools..—cannot support life quality 2)with financial support—can start a career in agriculture more easily: land, 3)benefit/results: stable/decent incomes to support life/education/health—more willing to live in villages 思路2: 同意Kelly同学的方向: attract more businesses focused on entertainment and culture 展开内容: 1)the reason why people are not willing to live in villages: inconvenience; fewer opportunities 2)with more business related to entertainment/culture—more convenient in enjoying life [details-- theaters, art galleries, music venues..] 3)moreover, promote consumption—attract other entrepreneurs--develop infrastructure—life convenience; more job opportunities 4) result: bring both convenience and job opportunities 思路3: 选择新的角度 1)Affordable Housing Initiatives-- subsidies and low-interest loans-- easier for people to buy or rent homes in rural areas 2)Education and Healthcare Access-- building and maintaining schools and medical facilities; attract teachers and doctors—guarantee good educational resources and better medical service 3)Flexible Remote Work Policies-- Encourage remote work opportunities and flexible work arrangements-- enable people to live in rural areas while maintaining urban employment 2.其他样题+真题思路完整版我们的福利中哦本文作者
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