厚朴少年学堂语法小课堂开课啦！本期基础语法go through将和大家分享现在完成时的基本知识和相关考点。
现在完成时的基本内容有：
现在完成时的使用规则 现在完成时的使用结构 现在完成时的标志词 Have gone & have been 现在完成时与一般过去时的区分 过去分词的变化
现在完成时使用规则
1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响
I have lost my passport. (=I can't find my passport now.)
2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，未来有可能继续发生
I have worked there since April. (=I still work there now.)
现在完成时的使用结构
现在完成时的标志词
1. since & for
since + 事情开始的时间点 for + 时间段
2. still & yet
现在完成时否定句中常使用still &yet，表示计划做某事，但还没做完 I still haven't dried my hair. I haven't finished my homework yet. 现在完成时疑问句中常使用yet Have the guests arrived yet? still常用在动词之前，yet常在动词之后。3. just
现在完成时使用just表示刚刚发生过的事 I've just met her. (= a few minutes ago)
4. already，before，ever，never
现在完成时使用already，before，ever，never表示在此之前 We've already met. Has he ever met her? We've met before.5. How long
现在完成时特殊疑问句使用how long表示询问此事到现在为止有多久了 How long have you known her?
6. 现在完成时+最高级形式：
You make the best pizza I've ever eaten.7. 现在完成时+序数词
That's the second time you've asked me.Have gone & have been
“go”在现在完成时中有两种表达形式，但这两种表达形式的意思却大不相同。 1. have/has been to 表示“去了，并且已经回来了”He has been to the shops. (He went to the shop and then returned home.)
2. have/has gone to 表示“去了，还没有回来”
She has gone to the shopping mall. (She went to the shopping mall and she's there now.)
现在完成时与一般过去时的区分
过去分词的变化
一般变化（原型-过去式-过去分词）：
clean-cleaned-cleaned finish-finished-finished
不规则变化（原型-过去式-过去分词）：
buy-bought-bought have-had-had
一些词汇的过去分词与过去时形式不同：
break-broke-broken fall- fell-fallen
小试牛刀
请用括号内动词的一般过去时形式或者现在完成时形式完成下列句子 1. I (leave) school last year. 2. I (read) that book. I don't want to read it again. 3. I (get up) at half past seven this morning. 4. ‘What’s the matter?’’I (hurt) my leg.’ 5. My parents (not travel) very much. 6. We (not go) to the theatre when we were in London. 7. I like George Clooney. I (see) all his films. 8. My sister (start) work in 2005.Answers ▼
1. left 2. have read 3. got up 4. have hurt 5. haven't travelled 6. didn't go 7. have seen 8. Started厚朴福利
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