在基础语法go through中,我们系统地学习了介词的分类、固定搭配和使用方法等。回顾介词内容,戳: ?基础语法Go through(10): 介词 Part 1 ?基础语法Go through(11): 介词 Part 2 其中,”by”有着超高的出镜率,今天我们就一起来总结一下”by”的8种用法吧~

1.”by”+ place

“by”+ 地点用来表示在… …旁边,例:
The house is by a river. David lives by a train station. I would love to live in a house by the sea.

2.”by”+ time

“by”+ 时间用来表示在某一时间之前,用来表述最后期限,例:
Guests must leave by 11 am. Please send us the payment by tomorrow. Students must enroll by the end of June.

3.”by”+ method of transportation

“by”+ 交通方式用来表示乘坐某种交通工具 (by + train / car / boat / plane / taxi / bus / coach),例:
I go to work by car. My parents often go to France by boat. Our children have never travelled by plane before.

4.”by”+ method of communication

“by”+ 通讯方式用来表示用某种方式沟通(by + telephone / post / email / fax),例:
I spoke to her by telephone. I will send you the document by post. Please confirm the order by email.

5.”by”+ method of payment

“by”+ 付费方式用来表示使用某种方式付费(by + credit card / cheque / cash),例:
We paid for the computer by cheque. Can I pay by credit card?

6.”by”+ reflexive pronoun

“by”+反身代词用来表示某人(某些人)单独做了某事 (by + myself / yourself / himself, herself, itself / ourselves / yourselves / themselves),例:
I enjoy reading by myself. Sarah is studying by herself. Let’s do something by ourselves. My parents often go on holiday by themselves.

7.”by”+ -ING verb

“by”+ 动词ing形式,用来表达如何做某事,提供关于实现某一特定结果所需要的更多信息,例:
You can turn on the radio by pressing that button. You can improve your English by watching English TV series.

8.”by”和被动语态

在被动语态中,“by”用来表示是发出的动作,例:
Sarah wrote the book. (主动,Sarah是动作的发出者) The book was written by Sarah. (被动) Our school organised the concert. (主动) The concert was organised by our school. (被动)
学习知识是一个由点及面,由面到点的过程。 在学习介词这一语法“知识面”时,我们不仅仅要了解如何在描述时间、地点、方位时正确运用不同的介词,还要从另一个角度了解每个介词在与不同的词汇搭配时,所表达的意思是什么,这样才可以把知识学透哦~

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